Which of the following best completes the diagram below?

Technology that Began the Industrial Revolution

A. Compass
Incorrect. The compass greatly improved safety in travel and was invented in medieval Europe around 1300.

B. Electric Generator
Incorrect. The Electric Generator was invented in the mid 19th century in what is called the 2nd Industrial Revolution.

C. Combustion Engine
Incorrect. The internal combustion engine was invented in the mid 19th century in what is called the 2nd Industrial Revolution.

D. Steam Engine
Correct! The use of steam power, fueled by coal, increased production in factories, ensured that ships could now sail upriver and steam powered locomotives could transport goods more efficiently.

Use the image below to answer the following question.

Steam engine at the lobby of the Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering of Madrid

Which of the following persons listed below invented the Steam Engine seen in the photo above?

A. Eli Whitney
Incorrect. Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin in 1793 as well as interchangeable parts for muskets in 1798.

B. Robert Fulton
Incorrect. Robert Fulton provided the first Steam Ship service on the Hudson River in 1807.

C. James Watt
Correct! James Watt Invented the first reliable steam engine in 1775.

D. Samuel F.B. Morse
Incorrect. Samuel F.B. Morse invented the telegraph in 1836.

Complete the cause and effect diagram.

A. Railway workers stayed in the cities to work in the factories, increasing the cities’ population.
Correct! Enclosure left little land for inheritance. Therefore, workers remained in the cities to earn a living.

B. Railway workers traveled leisurely from town to town on locomotives.
Incorrect. Though there was a rise in middle and upper class citizens, few, especially laborers, were able to travel for leisure.

C. Railway workers bought land in other parts of Europe and built factories.
Incorrect. Though there was a rise in middle and upper class citizens, few, especially laborers, were able to afford to buy land and build a factory of their own.

D. Railway workers died from work related health issues.
Incorrect. While working conditions were not favorable, the majority of workers did not die from work related health issues.

What conclusion can you draw from the map below?

A. Navigable rivers connected industrial cities and were a more efficient means of transporting goods.
Incorrect. Navigable rivers connected early industrial centers. Their static location limited the development and trade of industry.

B. Canals were built to connect all industrial cities to natural waterways.
Incorrect. Canals could only be built to connect existing waterways.

C. Railroads were the most efficient means of connecting a majority of all industrial cities.
Correct! Because railroads could be built anywhere, they dramatically increased trade, improved transportation and allowed for industrial centers to be built away from water sources.

D. Industrial cities were located along the coastal regions of Europe.
Incorrect. The map shows industrial centers inland as well.