The Fruitlands, founded by Amos Bronson Alcott and Charles Lane, was established to create a "New Eden" where simplicity, sincerity, and brotherly love were the principles that they lived by. Together, the community owned property and lived on a primarily vegetarian diet. The community functioned on farming, which proved too difficult, causing the community to last for only seven months.

Brook Farm was a community that was established by George Ripley, who was a former Unitarian clergyman. Brook Farm was an experimental utopian community in which the residents could achieve transcendentalist ideals through cooperative living. The community lasted for about three years and had fewer than 200 members at one time.