“Wrong as we think slavery is, we can yet afford to let it alone where it is, because that much is due to the necessity arising from its actual presence in the nation; but can we, while our votes will prevent it, allow it to spread into the National Territories, and to overrun us here in these Free States?”

Which candidate for president in 1860 supported the viewpoint expressed above?

A. Stephen Douglas
Incorrect. This quote is from Lincoln’s 1860 Cooper Union speech supporting the Republican party’s opposition to the expansion of slavery into the territories. Douglas supported the doctrine of popular sovereignty.

B. John Bell
Incorrect. This quote is from Lincoln’s 1860 Cooper Union speech supporting the Republican party’s opposition to the expansion of slavery into the territories. Bell supported any slavery position that kept the country together.

C. John C. Breckinridge
Incorrect. This quote is from Lincoln’s 1860 Cooper Union speech supporting the Republican party’s opposition to the expansion of slavery into the territories. Breckinridge, as the Southern Democrat, supported the expansion of slavery into the territories.

D. Abraham Lincoln
Correct! This quote is from Lincoln’s 1860 Cooper Union speech supporting the Republican party’s opposition to the expansion of slavery into the territories.

The economic difference expressed in the above chart —

A. indicates that people from Union states would be more likely to support a high tariff
Correct! A high tariff protects domestic manufacturing and makes goods produced overseas more expensive. Since the Union (North) had substantially more manufacturing, they supported a protective tariff.

B. indicates that people from Confederate states would be more likely to support a high tariff
Incorrect. A high tariff protects domestic manufacturing and makes goods produced overseas more expensive. Since the Union (North) had substantially more manufacturing, they supported a protective tariff. Confederate states wanted a lower tariff because they had to import most of their manufactured goods.

C. indicates that people from Confederate states would support the extension of slavery into the territories
Incorrect. The difference in manufacturing output has no direct relationship with the people in Southern states wanting to extend slavery into the territories. Rather, it indicates that people in Union states would be more likely to support a high tariff, which protects manufacturing.

D. indicates that people from Union states would demand the immediate abolition of slavery everywhere in the United States
Incorrect. The difference in manufacturing output has no direct relationship with the desire to abolish slavery. In fact, most people in the Union merely wanted to end the extension of slavery into the territories. Rather, it indicates that people in Union states would be more likely to support a high tariff, which protects manufacturing.

Which of the following events from the 1850s temporarily eased tensions between the North and the South?

A. Dred Scott decision
Incorrect. Chief Justice Roger Taney thought he could settle in the slavery issue by eliminating any rights for black Americans. All the decision did was infuriate the North. The Compromise of 1850 temporarily eased tensions between the North and South.

B. Compromise of 1850
Correct! While the Fugitive Slave Act would be an issue for abolitionists, the Compromise of 1850 helped prevent the Civil War from occurring for a decade.

C. Bleeding Kansas
Incorrect. Bleeding Kansas involved direct fighting between opponents and defenders of slavery trying to influence the vote on the legality of slavery in the Kansas territory under Douglas’ popular sovereignty doctrine.

D. John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry
Incorrect. John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry both terrorized and infuriated the South, hastening the start of the Civil War. The Compromise of 1850 temporarily eased tensions between the North and South.

"On [slavery], I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation. No! no! Tell a man whose house is on fire, to give a moderate alarm;. . . tell the mother to gradually [pull] her babe from the fire into which it has fallen; -- but urge me not to use moderation in a cause like the present. I am in earnest -- I will not equivocate -- I will not excuse -- I will not retreat a single inch -- AND I WILL BE HEARD."—The Liberator January 1, 1831

The abolitionist who wrote the above editorial would most likely have supported —

A. the Compromise of 1850
Incorrect. This editorial by William Lloyd Garrison is against any compromise on the issue of slavery. Instead, Garrison would have supported the work of a fellow abolitionist, Harriet Beecher Stowe and her great work, Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

B. Stephen Douglas for President in 1860
Incorrect. This editorial by William Lloyd Garrison is against any compromise on the issue of slavery. He did oppose Douglas and his doctrine of popular sovereignty because it might allow the extension of slavery. Garrison did not fully support Lincoln because he did not call for the immediate end to slavery. Instead, Garrison would have supported the work of a fellow abolitionist, Harriet Beecher Stowe and her great work, Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

C. The widespread publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin
Correct! This editorial by William Lloyd Garrison is against any compromise on the issue of slavery. He certainly would have supported the work of a fellow abolitionist, Harriet Beecher Stowe and her great work, Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

D. The hanging of John Brown for treason
Incorrect. This editorial, by William Lloyd Garrison, is extreme in its opposition to slavery and matches the extremity of Brown’s opposition to slavery. Instead, Garrison would have supported the work of a fellow abolitionist, Harriet Beecher Stowe and her great work, Uncle Tom’s Cabin.

Which of the following causes of the Civil War best reflects the idea of states’ rights?

A. Abolitionists argued that slavery was morally wrong.
Incorrect. States’ rights meant that a state could either refuse to follow a law that it disagreed with or could leave the Union if conditions were unsatisfactory.

B. The North had developed a significant manufacturing based economy, while the South relied almost completely on agriculture.
Incorrect. States’ rights meant that a state could either refuse to follow a law that it disagreed with or could leave the Union if conditions were unsatisfactory.

C. Southerners thought that since entering the Union was voluntary, it could leave the Union if conditions were no longer satisfactory, such as the North outlawing slavery.
Correct! States’ rights meant that a state could either refuse to follow a law that it disagreed with or could leave the Union if conditions were unsatisfactory.

D. The Dred Scott decision revoked any rights of African Americans.
Incorrect. States’ rights meant that a state could either refuse to follow a law that it disagreed with or could leave the Union if conditions were unsatisfactory.