You may also encounter real-world geometric problems that ask you to find the area of 2-dimensional figures or the surface area of 3-dimensional figures. The key to solving these problems is to look for ways to break the region into smaller figures of which you know how to find the area.

Problem

Mr. Elder wants to cover a wall in his kitchen with wallpaper. The wall is shown in the figure below.

hexagonal wall with dimensions labeled

If wallpaper costs $1.75 per square foot, how much will Mr. Elder spend on wallpaper to completely cover this wall, excluding sales tax?

To solve this problem, let's use the 4-step problem solving model.

Step 1: Read, understand, and interpret the problem.

  • What information is presented?

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    Check Your Answer

    The dimensions of the room are given.
    Wallpaper costs $1.75 per square foot. Close Pop Up
  • What is the problem asking me to find?

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    Check Your Answer

    We need to find the total cost of the wallpaper.
    To do so, we must first find the area of the wall. Close Pop Up
  • What information may be extra information that I do not need?

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    Check Your Answer

    There may be dimensions that are not necessary, depending on how we partition the wall. For example, the sides marked 5 feet in length may not be important for our calculations. Close Pop Up
Step 2: Make a plan.

  • Draw a picture.
Step 3: Implement your plan.

  • What formulas do I need?

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    Check Your Answer

    Area of a Rectangle: A = bh
    Area of Trapezoid: A = 1 over 2 1 2 (b1 + b2)h Close Pop Up
  • What information can I interpret from the diagram, table, or other given information?

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    Check Your Answer

    I will need to partition the wall into two pieces: a rectangle and a trapezoid:
    Close Pop Up
  • Solve the problem.

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    Check Your Answer

    Answer: $189
    Area of the rectangle:
    bh = (10 feet)(8 feet) = 80 square feet
    Area of Trapezoid:
    A = 1 over 2 1 2 (b1 + b2)h = 1 over 2 1 2 (10 feet + 4 feet) = 1 over 2 1 2 (14 feet)(4 feet)
    A = (7 feet)(4 feet) = 28 square feet
    Total Area = Area of Rectangle + Area of Trapezoid
    Total Area = 80 square feet + 28 square feet = 108 square feet
    Close Pop Up
Step 4: Evaluate your answer.

  • Does my answer make sense?

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    Check Your Answer

    Yes.
    The wall is 10 feet wide and 12 feet tall with two corners at the top missing. Therefore, the area should be slightly less than 10 × 12 = 120 square feet, and 108 square feet makes sense for the area. The cost is just under $2 per square foot, and the area is about 100 square feet. $2 × 100 = $200, so my total cost should be about $200, and $189 is about $200. Close Pop Up
  • Did I answer the question that was asked?

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    Check Your Answer

    Yes. I was asked to determine the cost, not just the area. Close Pop Up
  • Are my units correct?

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    Check Your Answer

    Yes. The units for cost are dollars, not square feet.Close Pop Up

Practice

Mrs. Nguyen wants to apply fertilizer to her front lawn. A bag of fertilizer that covers 1,000 square feet costs $18. How many bags of fertilizer will Mrs. Nguyen need to purchase?

hexagonal yard with dimensions labeled

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Hint

You need to determine the area of the lawn. Also, be aware that the dimensions are given in yards, but the fertilizer is sold in coverage for square feet. You will need to convert yards to feet.Close Pop Up
Interactive popup. Assistance may be required.

Check Your Answer

4 bags
Convert dimensions to feet. Since there are 3 feet in 1 yard, multiply the number of yards by 3. Also, partition the lawn into a rectangle and a triangle.

Area of Rectangle = bh = (45 feet)(60 feet) = 2,700 square feet
Area of Triangle = 1 over 2 1 2 bh = 1 over 2 1 2 (60 feet – 15 feet)(24 feet) = 1 over 2 1 2 (45 feet)(24 feet)
= 1 over 2 1 2 (1,080 square feet) = 540 square feet
Total Area = Area of Rectangle + Area of Triangle = 2,700 square feet + 540 square feet = 3,240 square feet
Number of Bags Necessary = Total Area ÷ 1,000 square feet per bag = 3,240 ÷ 1,000 = 3.24
Mrs. Nguyen will need to purchase 4 bags of fertilizer to completely cover the lawn. Close Pop Up

Surface Area Problem

After a storm, the Serafina family needs to have their roof replaced. Their house is in the shape of a pentagonal prism with the dimensions shown in the diagram.

pentagonal prism shaped house with roof shaded

A roofing company gave Mr. Serafina an estimate based on a cost of $2.75 per square foot to replace the roof. How much will it cost the Serafina family to have their roof replaced?

To solve this problem, let's use the 4-step problem solving model.

Step 1: Read, understand, and interpret the problem.

  • What information is presented?

    Interactive popup. Assistance may be required.

    Check Your Answer

    The dimensions of the house are given.
    The roof will cost $2.75 per square foot. Close Pop Up
  • What is the problem asking me to find?

    Interactive popup. Assistance may be required.

    Check Your Answer

    We need to find the total cost of the roof.
    To do so, we must first find the combined area of the roof, which is composed of 2 rectangles. Close Pop Up
  • What information may be extra information that I do not need?

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    Check Your Answer

    The depth of the house, 25 feet, is information presented that is not necessary for the solution to this problem. Close Pop Up
Step 2: Make a plan.

  • Draw a picture.
Step 3: Implement your plan.

  • What formulas do I need?

    Interactive popup. Assistance may be required.

    Check Your Answer

    Area of a Rectangle: bh Close Pop Up
  • What information can I interpret from the diagram, table, or other given information?

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    Check Your Answer

    The roof is shaped like 2 congruent rectangles, each with a base of 50 feet and a height of 14 feet. Close Pop Up
  • Solve the problem.

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    Check Your Answer

    Answer: $3,850
    Area of one rectangle:
    A = bh = (50 feet)(14 feet) = 700 square feet

    Total Area = 2 × Area of Rectangle
    Total Area = 2 × 700 square feet = 1,400 square feet
    Close Pop Up
Step 4: Evaluate your answer.

  • Does my answer make sense?

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    Check Your Answer

    Yes. Each side of the roof is 50 feet long and about 15 feet wide. 50 × 15 = 750, and 750 × 2 = 1,500. The cost per square foot rounds to $3, so 1,500 × $3 = $4,500, which is a good estimate for the cost of the roof. Close Pop Up
  • Did I answer the question that was asked?

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    Check Your Answer

    Yes. I was asked to determine the cost, not just the area. Close Pop Up
  • Are my units correct?

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    Check Your Answer

    Yes. The units for cost are dollars, not square feet. Close Pop Up

Practice

To match their new roof, Mrs. Serafina decided to have both pentagonal sides of their house covered in aluminum siding. Their house is in the shape of a pentagonal prism with the dimensions shown in the diagram.

pentagonal prism shaped house with roof shaded

A contractor gave Mrs. Serafina an estimate based on a cost of $3.10 per square foot to complete the aluminum siding. How much will it cost the Serafina family to have the aluminum siding installed?

Interactive exercise. Assistance may be required.

Use the grid below to record your answer. Type your answer in the boxes in front of and behind the decimal. Click inside each box to enter the numeral that belongs in the box. Click the bubble beneath the numeral to shade the bubble that matches the numeral. Incorrect portions of your answer will be shaded gray.

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Need a hint?

You need to determine the area of each pentagon and then muliply their combined area by the cost of the aluminum siding per square foot. Close Pop Up