Migration occurs when individuals or groups move from one region to another. These individuals or groups will bring cultural traits, such as language, religion, and social customs and practices to the new region.

Trade has always been a valuable asset in cultural diffusion. Since ancient times, people have exchanged goods as well as ideas.

War and other conflicts can also cause cultural diffusion. An occupying country is expected to bring supplies, weapons, and military personnel. The occupying country will also bring elements of its culture to the new region.